High Cholesterol Treatments Online

What is cholesterol and why manage it?

Cholesterol is a fat-like substance found in every cell of your body. It’s essential for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that help you digest food. However, not all cholesterol is beneficial. There are two main types:

• LDL (low-density lipoprotein) – often called “bad” cholesterol. High levels can lead to the buildup of fatty plaques in your arteries (atherosclerosis), restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease.

• HDL (high-density lipoprotein) – or “good” cholesterol. HDL helps remove excess LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream, carrying it back to the liver where it’s processed and eliminated.

High cholesterol doesn’t usually cause any noticeable symptoms. Many people are unaware of their risk until they suffer a cardiovascular event. That’s why routine blood tests and risk assessments are essential—especially if you have a family history of heart disease, high blood pressure, or other risk factors like smoking or obesity.

Managing cholesterol early through lifestyle changes and, when necessary, medication such as statins is one of the most effective ways to prevent serious cardiovascular disease.

How do statins work?

Statins are a well-established class of medicines used to lower high cholesterol, particularly LDL cholesterol. They work by:

• Inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme in the liver, which plays a key role in cholesterol production

• Increasing the number of LDL receptors in the liver, which helps clear more LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream

The result is a significant reduction in LDL levels and a lower risk of cholesterol-related complications, including stroke, heart attack, and cardiovascular death. In clinical studies, statins have been shown to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events by up to 30–50% when taken consistently.

Statins are often prescribed as a long-term preventive treatment. They may also raise HDL (“good”) cholesterol and reduce triglycerides in some individuals, offering broader cardiovascular protection.

High cholesterol treatment comparison 

Who should take statins?

Your eligibility for statins depends on your individual cardiovascular risk. Our prescribers will assess your personal health history and risk profile before issuing treatment. Statins are commonly prescribed for:

• Adults with high LDL cholesterol (typically above 4.9 mmol/L or ≥160 mg/dL)

• Those with a history of heart attack, stroke, or angina

• Individuals diagnosed with diabetes or chronic kidney disease, which increase heart disease risk

• People with familial hypercholesterolemia – a genetic condition that causes high cholesterol from a young age

• Adults with a 10-year cardiovascular risk score over 7.5%, based on NICE and QRISK3 guidelines

If you're unsure whether statins are appropriate for you, our online medical consultation can guide you through the assessment.

What are the potential side effects?

Statins are generally well tolerated, and for most people, the benefits far outweigh any potential side effects. However, as with any medication, some users may experience:

Common side effects (affecting fewer than 1 in 10 people):

• Mild muscle aches or weakness

• Digestive discomfort, such as nausea, constipation or indigestion

• Headaches

Less common but serious side effects (rare):

• Liver enzyme changes – detected via routine blood tests

• Myopathy or rhabdomyolysis – rare forms of muscle damage (seek immediate medical advice if you experience severe muscle pain or dark urine)

• Increased blood sugar levels – may occur in some people, especially those at risk of type 2 diabetes

Your prescriber may recommend routine blood tests to monitor your liver function and response to treatment, especially in the first 3–12 months of starting a statin.

Lifestyle changes that help

While statins are highly effective, they work best when paired with healthy lifestyle choices. Making changes in your daily routine can amplify the benefits of your medication and, in some cases, reduce your need for higher doses. These include:

• Following a heart-healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean or DASH diet, which emphasises fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats

• Reducing saturated and trans fats, found in processed foods, red meat, and full-fat dairy

• Increasing soluble fibre intake from oats, legumes, and fibre-rich vegetables

• Exercising regularly – at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week

• Quitting smoking, which significantly improves cardiovascular outcomes

• Limiting alcohol consumption

• Maintaining a healthy body weight and BMI

Some patients may also benefit from omega-3 supplements, plant sterols, or red yeast rice, though these should only be added in consultation with a pharmacist or GP.

Frequently Asked Questions

How quickly do statins start working?

Most people begin to see a reduction in LDL cholesterol within 2 to 4 weeks of starting statins. Full therapeutic benefits typically occur after 6 to 8 weeks.

Are statins safe during pregnancy?

No. Statins are not suitable for pregnant or breastfeeding individuals. If you are planning to become pregnant, let your prescriber know so that alternative treatment can be discussed.

Can I stop statins if my cholesterol becomes normal?

Not without medical advice. Statins are intended as long-term preventive treatment, and stopping them suddenly can cause cholesterol levels to rebound. Always speak with a healthcare professional before making changes to your medication.

Will I need regular monitoring?

Yes. You should have yearly cholesterol checks, and in the early stages of treatment, liver function tests may be required. This helps ensure your safety and that the medication is working effectively.